Microglial Activation and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Critical Examination of Recent History
نویسنده
چکیده
The neurofibrillary degeneration that occurs in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is thought to be the result of a chronic and damaging neuroinflammatory response mediated by neurotoxic substances produced by activated microglial cells. This neuroinflammation hypothesis of AD pathogenesis has led to numerous clinical trials with anti-inflammatory drugs, none of which have shown clear benefits for slowing or preventing disease onset and progression. In this paper, I make the point that AD is not an inflammatory condition, and reconstruct the sequence of events during the 1980s and 1990s that I believe led to the development of this faulty theory.
منابع مشابه
Biomarkers for Microglial Activation in Alzheimer's Disease
Intensive research over the last decades has provided increasing evidence for neuroinflammation as an integral part in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS) are initiated by activated microglia, representing the first line of the innate immune defence of the brain. Therefore, biochemical marker...
متن کاملP 153: Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease which is correlated with increasing inflammatory factors, demyelination and axonal loss. In this auto-immune disease, Neuroinflammation is mediated by different types of T cells with macrophage/microglial activation and B cells involvement that interact in a collaborative manner. Focal inflammation is the main cause for the onset of relapses and coul...
متن کاملRecognition of Betaine as an Inhibitor of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Nitric Oxide Production in Activated Microglial Cells
Background: Neuroinflammation, as a major outcome of microglia activation, is an important factor for progression of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Microglial cells, as the first-line defense in the central nervous system, act as a source of neurotoxic factors such as nitric oxide (NO), a free radical which is involved in neuronal cell death. ...
متن کاملP 115: Potential Therapeutic Targets Related to Neuroinflammation in Treatment and Prevention of Autism
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by great difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with others and using language. In the last four decades many studies have shown that immune responses in different regions of brain play an important role in ASD pathogenicity. A conservative estimate based on the research suggests tha...
متن کاملP 67: The Role of Neuroinflammation in Dysfunction of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis
Neuroinflammation as a protective mechanism for repairing tissue damage in the central nervous system (CNS), has been classified into two types: acute and chronic. It is characterized by the activation of microglia and astrocytes and the increase levels of different chemokines and cytokines. Neuroinflammation can be harmful, and it is a common pathological feature in neurodegenerative and psych...
متن کامل